HW 7: Concepts of the nervous and endocrine systems

These case studies are real-life scenarios that will help you explore the concepts of the nervous and endocrine systems, diagnostic tests, and treatments.

HW 7: Concepts of the nervous and endocrine systems Instructions:

Download MEA2203 Case Study Assignment Module 03. Click for more options and read each patient scenario. Then, answer the questions by using the lesson content from this module, your textbook, and perhaps additional research. Upload your completed document by following the instructions below.

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Clinical Notes

The patient is a nursing home resident with vesicular lesions in a linear pattern on his neck (pictured here). The lesions are on the left posterior channel and do not cross the midline.

He describes the area as itchy and painful. The itching started three days ago, and the blisters appeared two days ago. Since then, he has also developed a moderate headache and mild fever (100.1° F).

Herpes zoster is suspected. Acyclovir-Hydrocortisone is prescribed.

Question #1: Why might the physician ask Mr. Silva if he experienced chickenpox as a child? How would that relate to this scenario?

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Question #2: How is the varicella-zoster virus spread?

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Question #3: Should Mr. Silva be worried about transmitting shingles to other nursing home residents?

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Question #4: What will his recovery look like if Mr. Silva follows the prescribed treatment?

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Question #5: What preventative measures can be taken to prevent shingles?

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Patient Name: Mohammed Kumar

Date of Birth: 10/3/1966

Clinical Notes

Male patient presents with increasing weakness in his upper extremities. He first noticed the flaw when attempting to lift his grandchildren a few months ago. Since then, he reports that the fault has progressed, and he “feels clumsy” and trips multiple times a day. When he talks to his children on the phone, they ask if he is sick because his voice sounds different.

DDX: Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Sclerosis

Question #1: Are Mr. Kumar’s symptoms related to motor dysfunction or sensory dysfunction? Explain your answer.

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Question #2: The physician suspects Mr. Kumar’s symptoms are related to Multiple Sclerosis or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Name three diagnostic tests that may help to determine the correct diagnosis and explain how each would assist with diagnosis.

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Question #3: What is his prognosis if Mr. Kumar is diagnosed with ALS? Provide statistics to support your answer.

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Question #4: If Mr. Kumar is diagnosed with MS, what additional symptoms might he experience in the future? List and describe at least three other symptoms.

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Question #5: Diagnostic tests determine that ALS is most likely. Explain the etiology to Mr. Kumar in terms that a typical patient would understand.

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Patient Name: Valentina Silva

Date of Birth: 6/6/1994

Clinical Notes

Female patient reports depression, low blood pressure, muscle weakness, unexplained weight loss, and cold sensitivity. She states that she can’t pinpoint when the symptoms started, but they have worsened over the last two months. She has also noticed abnormalities with her menstrual cycles but initially attributed that to her age and assumed she was approaching menopause.

Endocrine dysfunction is suspected, and several lab tests are ordered.

Question #1: If Ms. Silva’s lab tests showed decreased levels of cortisol and aldosterone and increased levels of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), which endocrine disorder is most likely?

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Question #2: Which of Ms. Silva’s symptoms are consistent with hypothyroidism?

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Question #3: It is determined that Ms. Silva has Addison’s disease. What is the cause of this disorder?

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Question #4: What complications will occur if Addison’s disease is not treated? List and describe at least three difficulties.

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Question #5: How is Addison’s disease typically treated?

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