1.The extent of evidence-based data for proposed interventions.
2. Comprehensive description of factors that might influence the use of proposed interventions.
3. Identify the barriers related to the proposed interventions.
4. Detailed list of resources that will be needed.
5. Detailed steps, or sequence of events, or specific implementation activities that will be required to implement the intervention.
6. Monitoring, tracking and ongoing review.
7. Performance of tasks required for implementation. Staff responsible in the implementation of the interventions and their qualifications.
8. Strategies that facilitate the implementation of the proposed intervention.
9. Timeline.
10. Expected outcomes to be achieved by your project.
Proposed Interventions
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Proposed Interventions
The problem under investigation is opioid addiction which is associated with high relapse rates. The study will examine whether residential long-term treatment programs that last for more than 12 weeks are more effective in preventing relapses in comparison to short-term treatment programs that last for less than 12 weeks. The proposed interventions include psychosocial interventions and pharmacological interventions. There is sufficient evidence-based data to support the effectiveness of these interventions. According to Dugosh et al. (2016), psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and group therapy are effective for use among patients with addiction. Zerden et al. (2020) add that medications such as methadone and naltrexone are effective for treatment of opioid addiction.
Factors Influencing the Use of Proposed Interventions
The main factors that may influence the implementation of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for patients with opioid addiction include availability of resources and help-seeking behavior. According to Wenaas et al. (2021), patients with addiction issues require adequate human and material resources to complete treatment programs. Help-seeking behaviors influence a patient’s ability to seek treatment and complete treatment programs.
Barriers
The main barriers to the interventions include lack of sufficient resources including human and material resources required to complete the interventions. Additionally, some patients may not be sufficiently motivated to complete the interventions. The long-term treatment program that extends beyond 12 weeks may be difficult to complete and some patients may drop out.
Resources
The main resources required for implementation of the interventions include human and material resources. Human resources include the multi-disciplinary team who will implement psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. Jacobs and Mkhize (2021) explain that in mental health interventions such as addiction therapy, multidisciplinary teams comprise of psychiatrists, social workers, nurses, and clinical psychologists. Pharmacists are also involved especially in pharmacological interventions. Other resources required include residential areas for patients, medication, and other tools required by the interdisciplinary team to provide effective treatment.
Specific Implementation Activities
The implementation of the interventions will be based on individual patients. The interventions will mainly be patient-centered. As per Miller et al. (2017), patient-centered planning incorporates the patient’s health history, values, strengths, and beliefs. Each patient will undergo a comprehensive mental health assessment and assessment of systems such as the family system that may influence addiction. According to Webster (2017), some risk factors for addiction may include family history of addiction, living in a high-risk environment, unemployment, poverty, untreated mental health issues, younger age, and history of legal issues. These risk factors must be identified and dealt with to reduce the risk of relapses. The findings of the assessment will influence the interventions provided. For instance, for patients with untreated mental health disorders, psychosocial interventions may include psychotherapy to treat the disorders. Medications for mental health disorders such as anti-depressants may also be included as part of treatment.
Monitoring, Tracking and Ongoing Review
The progress of the patients will be monitored throughout the length of the residential program. As per Arnevik (2016), the main recovery indicators for patients with addiction problems include reduced cravings, emotional stability, concern about physical appearance including grooming, ability to consume a healthy diet, and improved interpersonal relationships. The main tool that will be used to track progress is the Client Assessment Inventory (CAI). According to Kressel et al. (2000), the tool is valid and reliable for use in therapeutic community programs. The main domains measured include service delivery and effectiveness, caregiver support, choice and control, community inclusion, holistic health and functioning, and human and legal rights.
Performance of Tasks Required for Implementation
The staff responsible for interventions includes social workers, psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and pharmacists. All these workers must have experience working with patients with addiction problems as the main qualification. According to Gillespie et al. (2019), the main role of psychiatrists includes conducting mental health assessments, prescriptions for medication, and psychotherapy interventions. Psychiatrists also monitor the patients’ progress during the residential programs. Psychiatric nurses monitor the emotional and medical statuses of the patients and consult with other staff members to develop and implement nursing interventions that will promote their wellbeing. The role of pharmacists is to ensure that the medication supply is within the law. Social workers will work with psychiatrists to hold psychotherapy sessions for the patients and conduct mental, cognitive, and psychosocial assessments.
Strategies that facilitate the implementation of the proposed intervention
The main strategies that will facilitate implementation of psychosocial and medical interventions include comprehensive patient assessment, use of patient-centered interventions, and constant monitoring of the patients’ conditions.
Timeline
The timeline for the implementation of the interventions will be based on the group which the patients will be assigned to. Patients assigned to the short-term treatment program will complete the program in 10 weeks while those assigned to the long-term treatment program will complete it in 20 weeks.
Expected Outcomes
The expected outcome is that the patients who complete the long-term program will experience lower relapse rates in comparison to those who complete the short-term program. Hoffman et al. (2019) explains that long-term treatment is more beneficial to patients with long-term opioid addiction and is more effective at preventing relapses than short-term treatment.
References
Arnevik, E. (2016). Selection of a Progress Monitoring Instrument for Substance Use Disorder Treatment. International Archives of Addiction Research and Medicine, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3631/1510020
Dugosh, K., Abraham, A., Seymour, B., McLoyd, K., Chalk, M., & Festinger, D. (2016). A Systematic Review on the Use of Psychosocial Interventions in Conjunction with Medications for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 10(2), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.1097/adm.0000000000000193
Gillespie, S., Manheim, C., Gilman, C., Karuza, J., Olsan, T., & Edwards, S. et al. (2019). Interdisciplinary Team Perspectives on Mental Health Care in VA Home-Based Primary Care: A Qualitative Study. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(2), 128-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2018.10.006
Hoffman, K., Ponce Terashima, J., & McCarty, D. (2019). Opioid use disorder and treatment: challenges and opportunities. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4751-4
Jacobs, E., & Mkhize, S. (2021). Multidisciplinary team members’ perceptions regarding advanced psychiatric nurses’ attitudes on mental healthcare. Health SA Gesondheid, 26. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v26i0.1646
Kressel, D., De Leon, G., Palij, M., & Rubin, G. (2000). Measuring client clinical progress in therapeutic community treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 19(3), 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0740-5472(00)00108-2
Miller, E., Stanhope, V., Restrepo-Toro, M., & Tondora, J. (2017). Person-centered planning in mental health: A transatlantic collaboration to tackle implementation barriers. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 20(3), 251-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487768.2017.1338045
Webster, L. (2017). Risk Factors for Opioid-Use Disorder and Overdose. Anesthesia &Amp;