CASE Study for S.M Nurse Practioner (Intervention for health promotion)
S.M. is a nurse practitioner in a large midwestern city. Today she is participating in a health fair at the Islamic Cultural Center. She is anticipating attendance by many families of Arab-American descent.
S.M. knows common health issues in Arab Americans include cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Her goals today are to gain the trust of the families she meets, learn about their health behaviors, provide education about healthy lifestyles, and arrange any follow-up care that may be needed.
Questions for the case
During the health fair, S.M. assesses her clients’ risk factors, including person-dependent factors and
environmental-dependent factors. List at least 3 examples of a person-dependent factors and environmental dependent-factors
Answer the specific question on the table above. Then, continue to discuss the 3 topics listed below for your case:
1. Define and describe the primary goals of screening.
2. Discuss your thoughts on the relationship between economics and nutrition. How would you advise people of low socioeconomic status to eat healthy on a budget? How would you respond to patients whose financial restraints limit their access to food?
3. Identify potential barriers to patient teaching and how you would address these barriers.
Formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 recent academic sources
Intervention for Health Promotion
Name
Institution
Date
Intervention for Health Promotion
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes is disproportionally higher among Arab-Americans as compared to other populations (Yahya et al., 2021). Examples of person-dependent factors that contribute to the above phenomenon include smoking, hypertension, sedentary lifestyles, overweight, and obesity. The environmental dependent factors that are linked to the two diseases include acculturation and poor access to healthcare services (Yahya et al., 2021).
Screening
Health screening refers to the rationale of identifying disease during early and pre-symptomatic stages. Screening is preventive medicine. Some of the goals of screening are early detection of disease, a reduction of risk of disease, and the surveillance of lifestyle behaviors among populations (Iragorri & Spackman, 2018). Through screening, healthcare practitioners can detect abnormalities in patients, especially those who are asymptomatic to avoid and even reduce symptoms. Screening enables healthcare practitioners to reduce the risk of disease by providing reliable data on some variables that can predict diseases such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure levels, and even blood sugar levels. Screening similarly helps in the surveillance of lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity and eating patterns. Screening tests can inform on the level of physical activity that one engages in or better still the types of foods that one consumes.
The Relationship between Economics and Nutrition
Economic factors such as a person’s income and food prices directly influence people’s choice of food. More so, food prices tend to impede low-income families from accessing healthier foods. Nursing literature associates diet costs with food safety as well as dietary quality. It is vital to acknowledge that healthier foods are more expensive than those with low nutritional value. Therefore, the low-income families who are more likely to be inclined towards changing their food patterns for economic reasons may develop a range of nutritionally-related disorders and illnesses due to either over-nutrition or under-nutrition of some nutrients.
I would advise people of low socioeconomic status to eat healthy by utilizing several strategies such as buying fruits and vegetables that are in season, buying canned or frozen produce, and planning meals to reduce impulse buying. More so, they should supplement animal-based protein with plant-based proteins, which are cost-effective, and at the same time healthy lastly stocking one’s pantry with non-perishable items that can last longer and be used in several meals in a week. Individuals that have financial restraints that hinder their access to food could use food programs at the community level or at the federal level such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, which provides food-purchasing assistance for the low-income population. Access to such programs is likely to help low-income populations satisfy their nutritional needs.
Potential Barriers to patient education and how to address them
Potential barriers that could affect patient education include culture, negative attitudes, perceptions, and lack of health knowledge. The above three barriers are likely to affect patient education based on the presented case study. Culture entails one’s belief system and norms, which could be difficult to change or abandon. A negative attitude and perception toward health education could result in poor comprehension of the topic and a lack of readiness to change one’s behavior and beliefs. Lack of health education is another significant barrier, which could hinder a person from understanding the significance of an issue. Enablers of patient education could include the provision of health education resources such as printouts and community health fairs for a free screening and the use of community leaders who are trusted by the community members.
References
Iragorri, N., & Spackman, E. (2018). Assessing the value of screening tools: reviewing the challenges and opportunities of cost-effectiveness analysis. Public health reviews, 39(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-018-0093-8
Yahya, T., Acquah, I., Taha, M. B., Valero-Elizondo, J., Al-Mallah, M. H., Chamsi-Pasha, M. A., … & Nasir, K. (2022). Cardiovascular risk profile of Middle Eastern immigrants living in the United States-the National Health Interview Survey. American journal of preventive cardiology, 9, 100312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100312