Respond to at least two of your colleagues on by providing an additional scholarly resource that supports or challenges their position, along with a brief explanation of the resource.
SECOND STUDENT
Tyler Weber
Week 1 discussion post
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An emerging dialog week 1 discussion.pdf
Modulating Gene Expression week 1 discussion.pdf
Sleepy week 1 discussion.pdf
Psychotherapy does have a biological basis, and this opinion is backed by evidence. According to Feinstein & Church (2010) a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified 1,058 genes that are presumably responsible for communication among the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. If this many genes are involved with the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems, the genes must have an effect on psychotherapy. In order for psychotherapy to work it must take into account the individuality of each patient. Each patient’s genes are unique and therefore have an influence on psychotherapy. Each psychiatric disorder involves a complicated and complex multi-gene disorder that has hundreds of genes that interact with one another, and environmental influences, that create unique symptoms (Jimenez et al., 2018).
Psychotherapy not only involves the patient, but also includes the psychotherapist. If the psychotherapist is not at their best, the psychotherapy is not going to be effective or at its best. There are biological factors that affect the effectiveness of psychotherapists. According to Yager (2021) there are biological factors that influence the quality of psychotherapy of clinicians, and the biological factors are hunger, sleep, work shifts, decision fatigue, and even their circadian sleep rhythms.
Culture, religion, and socioeconomics influence one’s perspective on the value of psychotherapy treatments. If a culture is hesitant to ask for help it will hinder a person from asking for help, or participating in psychotherapy. Religion can also influence psychotherapy treatments because they might believe that all mental health issues can be solved by prayer. Lastly, socioeconomics can influence one’s perspective of psychotherapy treatments because the cost of seeking help may be more than they can afford.
Legal and ethical considerations for group and family therapy differ from individual therapy because there are limits of what can be discussed and how personal you can be. If an individual does not consent to discussing everything it could be a major breach in confidentiality if the therapist/PMHNP discuss personal issues about a member without their consent. Each of the sources are considered scholarly because they are all peer reviewed scholarly journals.
References
Feinstein, D., & Church, D. (2010). Modulating gene expression through psychotherapy: The contribution of noninvasive somatic interventions. Review of General Psychology, 14(4), 283–295. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021252
Juan P. Jiménez, Alberto Botto, Luisa Herrera, Caroline Leighton, José L. Rossi, Yamil Quevedo, Jaime R. Silva, Felipe Martínez, Rodrigo Assar, Luis A. Salazar, Manuel Ortiz, Ulises Ríos, Paulina Barros, Karina Jaramillo, & Patrick Luyten. (2018). Psychotherapy and Genetic Neuroscience: An Emerging Dialog. Frontiers in Genetics, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00257
Yager, J. (2021). Sleepy Psychotherapists: How Clinicians’ Biological Factors May Affect the Conduct of Psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy (Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy), 74(1), 30–35.
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Response to Discussion
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Response to Discussion
Hello Whitney, I am glad to hear from you
Biological Basis of Psychology
In response to your post, I wish to disagree with your stand on conflicting evidence about psychotherapy’s biological basis. A myriad of nursing studies and evidence show that psychotherapy is a biological treatment. According to Javanabkht and Alberini (2019), psychotherapy results in the deactivation of the maladaptive brain patterns allowing the development of new and constructive pathways that support psychiatric healing. Psychotherapy affects how the brain develops and operates.
Influence of Culture, Religion, and Socio-Economic Factors
I agree with your opinion that psychotherapy is affected by religion, culture, and socio-factors. Religion and culture are significant factors, which shape a person’s beliefs, ideas, and feelings towards mental health. Some cultural and religious beliefs are likely to affect patients’ communication ability and skills relating to psychotherapy as a therapeutic process (Koc & Kafa, 2018). Due to the stigma associated with mental health issues some patients may prefer not to seek psychotherapy for fear of expressing their feelings, signs, and symptoms of whatever conditions that they are suffering from. Similarly, the lack of health insurance and funds among patients is likely to hinder patients from accessing quality and timely psychotherapy for their mental health issues.
Legal and Ethical Issues
Legal and ethical issues are unique to the type of therapy chosen by a client. For example, group therapy is likely to pose issues related to confidentiality and privacy while family therapy brings about issues concerning conflicts of interests among the family members. To deal with the above issues, the therapists would need the participants to comply with the set standards and policies especially by signing consent forms. More so, he/she should demonstrate professionalism and partialism in family therapy to create a safe and conducive environment for the patients.
References
Javanbakht, A., & Alberini, C. M. (2019). Editorial: Neurobiological Models of Psychotherapy. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 13, 144. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00144
Koç, V., & Kafa, G. (2019). Cross-cultural research on psychotherapy: the need for a change. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 50(1), 100-115.